The Tyrolean chicken is a back-breeding from the closely related flocks of the Appenzeller Spitzhauben from Switzerland and the Polverara chickens from Italy. A few dedicated breeders have brought about this back-breeding of the Tyrolean chicken, which became extinct over 100 years ago.
Back-breeding is scientifically very controversial because extinct species or breeds cannot be truly "re-created". But the matter is so fascinating that often the recreation of extinct breeds is attempted. Perhaps most famously are the Heck cattle, the result of the attempt to back-breed the aurochs.